SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Arbenser, Lawrence.

The need for external capital (FDI) inflow to finance the current account deficit of developing countries cannot be over-emphasized. Foreign direct investment takes predominance over other types of capital inflow into developing countries. How would an increase in FDI and a reduction in import tariff levels in isolation affect household welfare and other macroeconomic indicators? How would the concurrent application of the two enhance the expected impact? This paper explores the above questions by using a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model for Ghana, implemented in the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) to carry out specific counterfactual simulations. This paper concludes that the primary benefit of an increase in FDI inflow for a...

A new species of Mamordica (Cucurbitaceae) from West Africa

Palavras-chave: FDI; Import tariff; CGE; Ghana; GAMS; Household welfare trade deficit; Exchange rate; Import; Export; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18829

Naturalis

Jongkind, Carel C.H..

A new Momordica species from Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana is described.

Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor

Palavras-chave: Cucurbitaceae; Momordica; Côte d’Ivoire; Ghana; Taxonomy.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/526234

Accelerating Growth and Structural Transformation: Ghana’s Options for Reaching Middle-Income Country Status

Breisinger, Clemens; Diao, Xinshen; Thurlow, James; Yu, Bingxin; Kolavalli, Shashidhara.

Ghana is an emerging success story in Africa and in a couple of years will become the first African country to achieve the first Millennium Development Goal of halving its national poverty rate. The government of Ghana has therefore extended its development vision and recently declared the goal of reaching middle-income-country (MIC) status by 2015. To analyze possible pathways and implications of achieving MIC status, this paper examines other countries’ experiences on their way to becoming MICs and emphasizes the important role of growth acceleration, export diversification, and economic structural change in the transformation process. The paper further analyzes Ghana’s growth options and their structural implications using a dynamic computable general...

An Empirical Investigation of Short and Long-run Agricultural Wage Formation in Ghana

Palavras-chave: Growth and development; Middle income country; Applied general equilibrium modeling; Ghana; Africa; International Development.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42347

Abdulai, Awudu; Delgado, Christopher L..

This paper investigates empirically the factors that influence real agricultural wage rates in Ghana, based on 1957 to 1991 data. The Johansen cointegration framework is used to examine long-run relationships among agricultural and urban wage rates, the domestic terms of trade between agriculture and nonagriculture, urban unemployment, capital stock in agriculture and the size of the rural population. An error correction model is then used to investigate short-run dynamic relationships among the variables. The results show that: (1) there is only one stable equilibrium relationship among agricultural wage rates and their determinants in the long-run; (2) a 1 percent change in the domestic terms of trade between agriculture and non-agriculture leads to a...

AN EXAMINATION OF PROFIT INEFFICIENCY OF RICE FARMERS IN NORTHERN GHANA

Palavras-chave: Income; Ghana; Agriculture; Economic Aspects; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97382

Abdulai, Awudu; Huffman, Wallace E..

This paper employs a stochastic frontier model to examine profit inefficiency of rice farmers in the Northern Region of Ghana using farm-level survey data. The efficiency index, based on a half-normal distribution of the stochastic error term is related to farm and household characteristics. The empirical results show that farmers' human capital represented by the level of schooling contributes positively to production efficiency, suggesting that investment in farmers' education improves their allocative performance. Access to credit and greater specialization in rice production, are found to be positively related to production efficiency. A farmer's participation in nonfarm employment and being older, however, reduce production efficiency. Farmers...

Analysis of farm household technical efficiency in Northern Ghana using bootstrap DEA

Palavras-chave: Africa; Ghana; Production efficiency; Profit frontier; Rice; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18271

Abatania, Luke N.; Hailu, Atakelty; Mugera, Amin W..

Crop production is the main source of livelihood for households in Northern Ghana. The government is committed to improving crop production and knowledge about the technical efficiency of crop farms is essential in guiding policy decisions. This paper examined the technical efficiency of 189 crop farms in Northern Ghana using data envelopment analysis (DEA) with bootstrapping. We found that bias-corrected average technical efficiency of the sample farms is 77.26%. The estimated scale efficiency is 94.21%. In a second stage regression, we found that hired labour, geographical location of farms, gender and age of head of household significantly affect technical efficiency. Policy implications of the results are discussed.

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; DEA; Bootstrap; Ghana; OLS regression.; Farm Management.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124211

ARE WEALTH TRANSFERS BIASED AGAINST GIRLS? GENDER DIFFERENCES IN LAND INHERITANCE AND SCHOOLING INVESTMENT IN GHANA'S WESTERN REGION

Quisumbing, Agnes R.; Payongayong, Ellen M.; Otsuka, Keijiro.

This study attempts to analyze changing patterns of land transfers and schooling investments by gender over three generations in customary land areas of Ghana's Western Region. Although traditional matrilineal inheritance rules deny landownership rights to women, women have increasingly acquired land through gifts and other means, thereby reducing the gender gap in landownership. The gender gap in schooling has also declined significantly, though it persists. We attribute such changes to the increase in women's bargaining power due to an agricultural technology that increased the demand for women's labor, contributing to the reduction of "social" discrimination as well as weak "parental" discrimination.

Assessing Consumer Willingness to Pay a Premium for Organic Food Product: Evidence from Ghana

Palavras-chave: Property rights; Land inheritance; Agricultural growth; West Africa; Africa south of Sahara; Wealth transfers; Gender; Ghana; Education; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60311

Assessing Rural Women Food Producers Capacity to Adopt Modern ICTs – A case Study of the Mfantsiman District of Ghana

Owusu, Victor.

This paper examines the willingness of consumers to pay a premium for organic food product with a contingent valuation data from urban Kumasi of Ghana. Consumer’s willingness to pay a premium is estimated with a bivariate Tobit model. The empirical findings indicate that apart from socioeconomic characteristics and consumer perceptions, product attributes tend to influence consumer preferences for organic water melon and lettuce. The estimated mean WTP premium for 1 kilogram of water melon is GH¢0.5554 (US$ 0.4575) and that of organic lettuce is GH¢1.2579 (US$1.0361).

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Consumer Perception; Ghana; Organic Foods; Willingness to Pay; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123394

Sampong, D.D.; Egyir, Irene Susana; Yaw, Osei-Asare.

The traditional way of information dissemination has been through people; the modern way is through the electronic media – improved information and communication technologies (ICTs). For effectiveness, modern ICTs should help women to improve on their income generating capacity. Issues of level of resource capacity of women, information needed, and current sources of such information become important. This study sought to investigate the issues above with respect to rural women food producers in the Mfantsiman District of Ghana. Simple descriptive statistics and econometric models were employed in the data analysis of 91 randomly selected respondents. The results of the study showed that: In general, the women food producers were aged, subsistence...

Border Effects on Spatial Price Transmission between Fresh Tomato Markets in Ghana and Burkina-Faso: Any Case for Promoting Trans-Border Trade in West Africa?

Palavras-chave: Adoption; Information and communication Technology; Ghana; Women; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52149

Amikuzuno, Joseph.

Cross-border trade in food commodities within sub-regional economic blocks in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is believed to be faster, cheaper, more convenient and welfare-enhancing than overseas trade between SSA countries and the USA, EU and the BRIC countries. The difficulty of commodity arbitrage across international borders SSA is however a fundamental constraint to price transmission, market integration and the realisation of the welfare-enhancing role of cross-border trade in Africa. This study examines the impact of border and distance on price transmission between tomato markets in Ghana and Burkina-Faso. The analysis applies a regime-switching vector error correction model to estimate semi-weekly, wholesale prices of tomato in four tomato markets in...

Border Effects on Spatial Price Transmission between Fresh Tomato Markets in Ghana and Burkina-Faso: Any Case for Promoting Trans-border Trade in West Africa?

Palavras-chave: Price Transmission; Border; Tomato; Ghana; Burkina-Faso; Agribusiness; C32; Q11; Q13; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115519

Amikuzuno, Joseph.

Cross-border trade in food commodities within sub-regional economic blocks in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is believed to be faster, cheaper, more convenient and welfare-enhancing than trade between SSA countries and the USA or EU. The difficulty of commodity arbitrage across borders in SSA is however a fundamental impediment to price transmission, market integration and the realisation of the welfare-enhancing role of cross-border trade. This study examines the impact of border and distance on price transmission between tomato in Ghana and Burkina-Faso. The analysis applies a linear and a regime-switching vector error correction model to estimate wholesale prices of tomato in four tomato markets in Ghana and a producer market in Burkina-Faso. The estimated...

Cost Implications of Agricultural Land Degradation in Ghana: An Economywide, Multimarket Model Assessment

Palavras-chave: Price Transmission; Border; Tomato; Ghana; Burkina-Faso; International Relations/Trade; C32; Q11; Q13; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108943

Diao, Xinshen; Sarpong, Daniel Bruce.

An economywide, multimarket model is constructed for Ghana and the effects of agricultural soil erosion on crop yields are explicitly modeled at the subnational regional level for eight main staple crops. The model is used to evaluate the aggregate economic costs of soil erosion by taking into account economywide linkages between production and consumption, across sectors and agricultural subsectors. To fill a gap in the literature regarding economic cost analysis of soil erosion, this paper also analyzes the poverty implications of land degradation. The model predicts that land degradation reduces agricultural income in Ghana by a total of US$4.2 billion over the period 2006–2015, which is approximately five percent of total agricultural GDP in these ten...

Did farmers’ livelihood improve? An impact assessment of incorporating forages into the crop-livestock system in the coastal savannah zone of Ghana

Palavras-chave: Ghana; Agricultural Soil Loss; Economywide modeling; Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42416

Ameleke, G.Y.; Okantah, S.A.; Sottie, E.T.; Marfo-Ahenkora, E.A.; Aboe, P.A.T..

The study used programming methods to assess the farm-level impact of incorporating forages, including dual purpose Cajanus cajan (C. cajan), into the crop-livestock system in the Coastal Savannah Zone of Ghana. The system was modeled in GAMS and solved using linear programming. The optimal enterprise mixes and their resultant net revenues with and without the interventions and therefore the change in net revenue were obtained. The intervention was to grow forages as part of the crop-livestock system and feed them to milking cows and their calves for increased milk production and growth. The grain of the forage was used as food by the farmers, and manure from the animals was also used for crop production. The effect of policy options like educating farmers...

District-level Spatial Analysis of Migration Flows in Ghana: Determinants and Implications for Policy

Palavras-chave: GAMS; Ghana; Grain; Forages; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52075

Tsegai, Daniel W.; Le, Quang Bao.

The present study investigates the determinants of inter-district migration flows over the 1995-2000 period in Ghana. A combination of socio-economic, natural and spatial ‘district-level’ attributes are considered as potential variables explaining the direction of migration flows. In addition to the ‘net’ migration model, ‘in’ and ‘out’ migration models are also employed within the context of the gravity model. Results in the three models consistently show that people move out of districts with less employment and choose districts with high employment rate as destinations. While shorter distance to roads encourages out-migration, districts with better water access seem to attract migrants. Generally, people move out of predominantly agrarian districts to...

Faciliter l’adoption d’interventions de securite alimentaire dans le secteur des aliments de rue et dans les champs

Palavras-chave: Gross migration; Net migration; Inter-district migration flows; Spatial analysis; Ghana; Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98131

Gender and Poverty: New Evidence from 10 Developing Countries

Karg, Hanna; Drechsel, Pay; Amoah, Philip; Jeitler, Regina.

This chapter discusses the implementation challenges of the WHO Guidelines on safe wastewater use pertaining to the adoption of the so-called ‘post-treatment’ or ‘non-treatment’ options, like safer irrigation practices or appropriate vegetablewashing in kitchens. Due to limited risk awareness and immediate benefits of wastewater irrigation, it is unlikely that a broad adoption of recommended practices will automatically follow revised policies or any educational campaign and training. Most of the recommended practices do not only require behaviourchange but might also increase operational costs. In such a situation, significant efforts are required to explore how conventional and/or social marketing can support the desired behaviour-change towards the...

Tipo: Book

Palavras-chave: Food safety; Restaurants; Public health; Social behaviour; Wastewater irrigation; Vegetables; Guidelines; West Africa; Ghana; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124376

Quisumbing, Agnes R.; Haddad, Lawrence James; Pena, Christine.

This paper presents new evidence on the association between gender and poverty based on an empirical analysis of 11 data sets from 10 developing countries. The paper computes income- and expenditure-based poverty measures and investigates their sensitivity to the use of per capita and per adult equivalent units. It also tests for differences in poverty incidence between individuals in male- and female-headed households using stochastic dominance analysis. Stochastic dominance analysis reveals that differences between male- and female-headed households among the very poor are not sufficiently large that one can conclude that one is unambiguously worse- or better-off, except for a few exceptions. When we use the method of endogenous bounds, persons in...

Gender, Food Security and Livelihoods: The Case of Plan Ghana And Sissala

Palavras-chave: Gender; Household resource allocation; Households; Poverty; Rural population; Developing Countries; Ghana; Bangladesh; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 1995

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97310

Bediako, J.A.; Debrah, Kofi.

The study was used by Plan International to formulate a common Nutrition Action Plan for its food and nutrition security interventions in developing countries. The aim was to get insight into the food and nutrition security as well as livelihoods status at the household and community level of the people of Sissala. Specifically the study focused on the contribution made by Plan interventions to improve livelihoods, the food and nutrition security of households and communities, the impact on gender and to identify indicators for monitoring and evaluation. The survey was carried out in three centrally placed communities selected to ensure an even coverage of Plan Ghana activities in the Sissala West District of Ghana. Data was collected at community and...

Grain price adjustment asymmetry: the case of cowpea in Ghana

Palavras-chave: Food security; Ghana; Livelihoods; Nutrition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52180

Langyintuo, Augustine S..

Patterns in price adjustment in response to information are important to market practitioners. This study looks at cowpea real wholesale price adjustment patterns in Bolgatanga, Wa, Makola and Techiman markets in Ghana. Using Techiman as the central market, a threshold autoregressive test for asymmetric price adjustment rejected the null hypothesis of symmetric adjustment for only the Bolgatanga-Techiman price series. An autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic regression indicates that wholesalers in Bolgatanga market respond differentially to price signals from Techiman than those in the other two markets. This suggests that policies targeting cowpea traders must recognize the differential responses by wholesalers to information.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Africa; Ghana; Wholesalers; Market information; Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity; Threshold autoregressive; Crop Production/Industries; D82; D43.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96165

Has Imported Rice Crowded-out Domestic Rice Production in Ghana? What has Been the Role of Policy?

Asuming-Brempong, Samuel; Osei-Asare, Yaw Bonsu.

Commercial rice imports have accounted for approximately 61%, food aid in rice accounted for about 2%, and domestic rice accounted for some 37% per annum of rice consumption in Ghana over the four years between 2000 and 2003. Compared to the 1990s, these figures show a gradual decline in the share of local rice production in the total quantities of rice consumed in the country. On the other hand, the proportion of food aid in rice consumed has remained relatively constant over the period, while the proportion of commercial imports has increased steadily. Using the Engel-Granger residual-based co-integration test, a market integration analysis was explored for imported rice and domestic rice which compared a central market for imported rice and five key...